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Widad Akrawi (born 1969) is a Danish health expert and human rights activist of Kurdish ancestry. In 2007, she co-founded the Norway-based human rights organization Defend International and since then has been the organization's president. She is the author of several books about both health issues and human rights. Akrawi holds a master's degree in genetics and a PhD in international health and epidemiology.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Event: Human Rights in Iran )〕 Violations of human rights that occurred during the Iraqi government offensive against the Kurds in 1974, as well as during the Al-Anfal Campaign are thought to have shaped her life. Focusing on the end goals and holding on to her principles guided her to overcome the hardships she endured. She became the first young woman born in the Middle East region to have engaged in advocacy relating to illicit trade of small arms and light weapons, gender-based violence, chemical and biological disarmament, conventional disarmament and international security.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title= About Widad Akrawi - Widad’s Biography )〕 In 2013, Akrawi was awarded the "Special Prize for bridging the gap between civilisations" by the ''National Organisation for Future Generations'' for making valuable contributions to humanity through the creation of a culture of coexistence.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Dr. Widad Akrawi Awarded For Bridging Gap Between Civilisations )〕 In 2014, she received the International Pfeffer Peace Award by the Fellowship of Reconciliation. ==Biography== Akrawi was born into a secular family in Akre, Kurdistan region, Iraq, in 1969. In 1974 Akrawi and her family fled to Mosul to avoid the Iraqi government offensive against the Kurds. In 1975, her family returned to Akre, and she started the school in September of that year. In her early and her teenage years, she resisted every effort made by members of the Baath Party to induce her to gain her trust and become a member, which caused her to be blacklisted for a period of time.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Taras Book at Booklovers(bokelskere.no) )〕 In 1986, when Akrawi was 16 years old, she moved to Erbil where she studied civil engineering with a focus on designing roads and bridges at the Salahaddin University. In 1988 she was secretly involved in documenting torture and other violations of human rights throughout Iraq. The following year, she became politically involved in various struggles for human rights, peace, social justice, democratic governance and ethnic reconciliation. Her advocacy of anti-authoritarianism and her criticism of the use of excessive force against civilians were not without risk and threat to her life and the lives of her family members. Her involvement in these issues became more intense after the Al-Anfal Campaign, also known as the Kurdish Genocide. Despite difficult times, she managed to complete her B.Sc. in 1990.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title= Taras bog, Akrawi, W.: Book review by Dr. Bente Danneskiold-Samsøe in the Danish Weekly Paper for Doctors )〕 After the first Gulf War, when the Iraqi regime regained power over Kurdistan region through a bloody offensive in spring 1991, she was forced to leave her country. Because of her peace activism and political affiliations, she sought political asylum in Denmark and made her residence in Copenhagen.〔 In Denmark, Akrawi graduated from Language School in Nykøbing Falster in 1992 and enrolled at Naestved High School, where she continued studying Danish language and literature. In 1993, she enrolled at the Roskilde Language School, where she passed "Danish Test 2" with a respectable high score. In the following years, she earned a master's degree in genetics and genomics and a PhD degree in global health and cancer epidemiology.〔〔 She has served as a clinical geneticist at the Royal Hospital in Copenhagen, researching inherited diseases.〔 Dr Akrawi is currently leading Defend International, a Norway-based NGO whose mission is "to respond to grave violations of human rights and of International Humanitarian Law, monitor the implementation of preventive measures that are designed to end impunity for the perpetrators of these crimes, conduct medical research that may either directly or indirectly improve the health standard of communities, and to promote peace and democracy through cultural relations and diplomacy."〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=About Defend International )〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Widad Akrawi」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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